Agriculture

The activity that involves immediate assistance, continuing assistance and restoration of infrastructure is known as Response.

The percentage of cultivable land prone to drought is 70%. 74 affected districts and 13 states are affected by drought.

The Disaster Management Act was enacted in 2005. The act calls for establishment of National Disaster Management Authority(NDMA). This act has special provisions for tackling emergency situations during a natural disaster.

The word “Tsunami” is derived from Japanese meaning harbour wave or tidal wave. The word is taken from Japanese word because Tsunami waves hit Japan coast on regular basis. It is the biggest threat to Japan.

6 zones have been identified as the most affected by cyclones in the world. A cyclone is a large scale air mass that rotates around a strong center of low atmospheric pressure.

1. NDMA c) The Prime Minister

NDMA or National Disaster Management Authority was formed under the Disaster Management Act of 2005. It was formed because of regular natural disaster occurring in different parts of India. So the government of India formed a special body at national level to tackle these problems.

2. Willie- Willi e) Australia

Tropical cyclone also known as hurricane in eastern pacific, near Australia coast it is known as Willie- Willi.

3. Pichavaram d) The Mangroves

Pichavaram is a village in Tamilnadu state, it is a mangrove site and a wetland. The Mangrove is a shrub or small tree that grow in saline or brackish water.

4. Ramanathapuram b) Affected by drought

Ramnathpuram is a village in Tamilnadu. This place is suffering from less rainfall in present time. This district became the only district in Tamilnadu in 2017-18 to be affected from drought.

5. 7.8 Richter Scale a) Nepal Earthquake

Richter scale can be used to measure the intensity of an earthquake. Nepal is in the Himalayan region that’s why Nepal is prone for high-intensity earthquake.

Disasters can be classified as natural disasters such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, flood etc., and man-made disasters like fire, industrial hazards, transport accidents etc.

A tsunami or tidal wave is a series of waves caused by displacement of the large volume of water generally due to an earthquake or volcanic eruptions in the ocean floor. Tsunami hits mostly coastal areas like Japan, Philipines etc. in 2004 Tsunami hit the Indian Ocean and also India.

Landslides are either sudden or slow movement of rock remains down the slope. They are caused by the instability of rocks. heavy torrential rainfall, tremor etc. mostly landslides occur in hilly areas like in the Himalayan region and at the time of heavy rainfall. Uttarakhand suffers a lot from regular landslides in the rainy season, here roads blocked, properties are destroyed by landslides on regular basis.

A cyclone is a large scale air mass that rotates around a strong center of low atmospheric pressure. Tamilnadu is a state in india which suffers from cyclone, like in 2017 a cyclone named Cyclone Ockhi occurred in Bay Of Bengal and hit Tamilnadu coast. There are 13 cyclone hit districts in Tamilnadu.

Two Points on Transport safety Management in Schools are-

(a) General awareness programmes of transport safety should be provided frequently to the school children.

(b) Training should be given to school children on transport safety.

Fire accidents are likely to occur in the following four places -

1) chemical industries.

2) places where electricity is like to leak out like computer lab, kitchen etc.

3) forests in dry period

4) petrol banks

5) industries

Do’s during fire accidents -

1) Call for an immediate help by shouting or ringing bell loudly.

2) Put off the fire using sand or fire extinguisher.

Don’ts during fire accidents -

1) Never put anything into an electric outlet, not even while playing.

2) Never play with crackers without adult help.

Sudden overflow of large volumes of water off the river bank is known as flood. It is largely caused by heavy rainfall, cyclone, ice melting, Tsunami and dam burst. Floods bring devastating effects on agriculture, settlements, life of both human beings and animals. It destroys the agricultural fields and makes the lands irrevocable. Mumbai and its surroundings are affected by floods during the South West Monsoon and Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Odisha are affected by floods during the North East Monsoon. In India 175 flood forecast centers have been established.

An earthquake is the shaking of the surface of the Earth. They are caused by the sudden movements of the earth’s tectonic plates. The study of earthquakes is called as seismology. The magnitude of an earthquake is measured on the Richter Scale. It is numbered 0-9. An earthquake in the ocean can cause a tsunami. Landslides can happen too. India is divided into 4 seismic zones ( Zones 2,3,4 and 5). Zone 5 expects the highest level of seismic activity and zone 2 expects lowest.

Stampede is a sudden headlong rush or flight of a crowd of people for certain reasons. Crowd stampede causes death, injuries, loss of property and suffocation.

Effects of stampede -

1) Huge loss of life.

2) Severe injuries to people.

3) Damage of infrastructure.

4) Loss of property.

Preparing for drought u should mainly focus on water conservation

Few things u can do.

DO’s- 1. Never waste water just try to conserve water.

2. check water leakage in your house and repair them.

3. use micro-irrigation facilities for agriculture.

4. insulate water pipes to reduce heat loss.

DON’s- 1. Don’t waste water, use it wisely.

2. monitor rainfall situation and then use water accordingly in daily life and agriculture also.

3. Do not waste food because cooking food needs large amount of water and also it could be useful for someone.