Disaster Management

Disaster management authority – Disaster management authority is established for either prevention of disasters or making arrangements to face it or at least achieve the abilities to face it.

⇒ As disaster is a very fast process and never planned, so disaster management try to prevent all the loses in a planned manner.

⇒ For example: Preparation of action plan by studying of various aspects.

⇒ Disaster management is divided into two parts: Pre-disaster management and post-disaster management.

Nature of disaster management – The main aspects or nature of disaster management include:

⇒ Preparation: Plan is prepared to minimize the destruction.

⇒ Redemption: Plan is prepared to minimize the damage to people and whole country.

⇒ Preparedness: A plan is made to get quick response from the people and society.

⇒ Impact of disaster: The intensity of various disasters is noted down and reviewed.

⇒ Response: After the disaster incidence, quick response is to be given.

⇒ Resurgence: It is a platform to provide rehabilitation and welfare of the nation.

⇒ Restoration: This stage is useful for the progress of the nation.

Mock drill – Mock drill is a practice to check the preparedness of facing the disaster as early as possible.

⇒ It is mainly done to check the reaction time for any type of disaster.

⇒ It includes demonstrations like how to rescue people at the time of disasters, how to save people whose clothing have caught the fire.

⇒ By mock drill, we can know the identification of own abilities.

Disaster management act – In 2005, disaster management act has been passed in our country in which disaster management authority has been established. Structure of disaster management authority is given below:

There are five levels of disaster management authority:

⇒ National disaster management authority

⇒ State disaster management authority

⇒ District disaster management authority

⇒ Taluka disaster management authority

⇒ Village level

a. Role of district disaster control unit:

⇒ District disaster control unit is established to get complete information and impacts of disasters after it occurred.

⇒ This unit keeps contact with army, police force, telecommunication department for getting help after occurrence of disaster.

⇒ It also coordinates with various volunteering organization for their help.

b. Reasons for increase in human disasters after the World War-II are:

⇒ Increasing population – Overpopulation is one of the main causes of all types of human disasters.

⇒ Different religion – Due to different religions, racism takes place which leads to fight among different groups.

⇒ Economic inequality – economic inequality is main reason due to which condition of instability in the country is arising day by day.

c. Objectives of disaster management includes:

⇒ To help and release the people from attack during the calamity.

⇒ To provide necessary commodities of the people to reduce the effect of disaster.

⇒ To create friendly relation with suffered people in disaster to restore their life.

⇒ To provide shelter to victims of disaster.

⇒ To prevent disaster or to make arrangement to face it.

d. It is essential to get the training of first aid because:

⇒ Use of this knowledge is useful for offering the help to the injured people around you.

⇒ We can save one’s life by having proper knowledge of first aid.

⇒ First aid is the initial assistance given to the victim

⇒ Training in first aid benefit the individuals themselves when any emergency directly happens with them.

e. The different methods used for transportation of patients are:

⇒ Cradle method

⇒ Carrying on back

⇒ Carrying on two hands

Earthquake: It is a natural disaster. It is a sudden shaking and movement of whole earth’s crust.

⇒ Reasons: Earthquake is caused by occurrence of disturbances inside the earth. The movement of plates inside the earth cause earthquake.

⇒ Effects: Earthquake leads to many loses of life, causes damage to the homes, buildings, bridges and many more.

⇒ Remedial measures: During this calamity, stay away from tall building and heavy objects. Take shelter under a table.

Flood: It is a natural disaster. It is a fast flow of water which completely covers the land.

⇒ Reasons: Heavy rainfall causes flood. Overflow of water outside the river boundary takes place. The another reason of flood is breaking of dams. Dams hold large amount of water and when they break, the large amount of water flows out and creates a heavy flood.

⇒ Effects: Flood can destroy everything. Environmental destruction takes place. If a person gets caught in the flood, he/she can drown completely and can lose life.

⇒ Remedial measures: Move away from the areas where water is overflowing. Do not walk or drive across flood waters.

Different aspects of disaster management we should check for our school are:

⇒ The buildings of the school should check. There should be no cracks present on them. If present can lead to fall of that building any time.

⇒ There should be no entry of unknown individuals to schools. Because terror attacks are so common.

⇒ The security check should be strict.

⇒ Regularly interact with teachers so that you can communicate with your child nay time.

⇒ Fire extinguishers should be there.

a. Terrorism is man-made disaster.

b. Soil erosion is a geophysical disaster.

c. Hepatitis is a biological disaster.

d. Forest fires is a biological disaster.

e. Famine is man-made disaster.

f. theft is a man-made disaster.

a. Caution road sign: Road accident may occur if this symbol is used.

b. Dangerous chemicals: lab accident may occur if this symbol is used.

c. Falling of trees: Road accident may occur if this symbol is used.

d. Not allowed: accident may occur if this symbol is used.

e. Wash hands after using chemicals: lab accident may occur if this symbol is used.

f. Flammable gas: Major accident may occur if this symbol is used.

g. Catch fire: Fire accident may occur if this symbol is used.

h. Explosives: Major accident may occur if this symbol is used.

i. Exposure of gas: Fire accident may occur if this symbol is used.

a. Mock drill is useful in many ways:

⇒ Mock drill is a complete demonstration that how to react whenever any disaster occurs.

⇒ It identifies the possible errors and risks.

⇒ It improves the coordination between various departments of disaster control.

⇒ It shows that how to rescue and save people trapped at high floors, buildings.

⇒ It also shows how to rescue people whose clothing have caught fire.

⇒ It increases the ability of quick response to disaster.

b. Effective disaster management makes us well prepared for the future by:

⇒ Providing essential commodities of the people.

⇒ Providing shelter to the homeless victims of disasters.

⇒ Restoring the human by creating reconciliation in disaster.

⇒ Prevent people in a planned manner.

⇒ Proper arrangements are done to rescue the trapped people.

Properties of Predisaster management are:

⇒ This management includes the proper preparations and arrangement to face any type of disaster.

⇒ They identify the pro-disaster areas.

⇒ Note down the information and probable sites of disasters through hazard maps.

⇒ Give specially training for disaster management.

⇒ Spread awareness among general public for the disaster management.

⇒ They conduct several training programmes, mass media etc.

a. Pre-disaster management for the given picture is:

⇒ Don’t keep gas cylinder in the closed area. It should be placed near the window of the kitchen so that air can be passed easily

Post-disaster management for the given picture is:

⇒ If the smell of the gas cylinder has spread all over the hosue, open all the windows and gates and move away from the house as soon as possible.

b. Pre-disaster management for the given picture is:

⇒ Do not involve in any fight. Keep friendly relation with everyone.

Post-disaster management for the given picture is:

⇒ If someone is injured in fight, do first aid and if serious then call ambulance as soon as possible.

c. Pre-disaster management for the given picture is:

⇒ Do not drive or walk outside if there is heavy rainfall going on. The thunderstorms can hit you.

Post-disaster management for the given picture is:

⇒ Move away from the flooded area instantly. Call the rescue force immediately.

d. Pre-disaster management for the given picture is:

⇒ If alert has been announced, please shift your shelter to somewhere else far from that place.

Post-disaster management for the given picture is:

⇒ Call the rescue force as soon as possible.