Mass Media And History

(1) The first English newspaper in India was started by James Augustus Hickey.

Explanation:

James Augustus Hickey was an Irish man. The first English Newspaper was ‘The Bengal Gazette’ or ‘Calcutta General Advertiser.’ It was first printed on 29^th January 1780.

(2) Television is an audio-visual medium.

Explanation:

Any media which uses both sound and a visual component are called audio-visual medium. Television is used as a powerful media to show the events as it actually happened. While radio can only broadcast and newspaper can only publish news, television can telecast the news live.

(1) ‘Prabhakar’ – Bhau Mahajan

(2) ‘Darpan’ - Balshastri Jambhekar

(3) ‘Deenbandhu’ - Krishnarao Bhalekar

(4) ‘Kesari’ - Bal Gangadhar Tilak

The wrong pair was (1) ‘Prabhakar’ – Acharya P.K. Atre

Explanation:

The newspaper ‘Prabhakar’ aimed at creating social awareness. The French Revolution, the letters by Gopal Hari Deshmukh were published in this newspaper.

1. Newspapers played a vital role in creating social awareness and insisted on the need for achieving independence from the clutches of the British.

2. The newspapers advocated social reforms among the masses to make them stand united in the freedom struggle.

3. The newspaper ‘Kesari’ started by Balgangadhar Tilak raised slogans like ’Swaraj is my birth right, and I shall have it.’ These revolutionized the minds of many Indians.

4. The newspapers strongly criticized the British Government for its brutality.

5. Many other newspapers like ‘Darpan’ started by Balshastri Jambhekar, ‘Prabhakar’ by Bhau Mahajan all aimed at promoting fire against the British.

6. Newspapers like ‘Induprakash’ supported social reforms like widow remarriage.

7. The newspapers at the time of freedom struggle invited political participation from the remote masses also.

Media through which messages are delivered or communicated to a large group of people or mass is called Mass media. Television, radio, newspapers, magazines, internet are some of the forms of mass media. We need mass media for the following reasons:

1. Mass media facilitates easy flow of communication from one corner of the world to the another.

2. It educates people about the day to day happenings of the world.

3. It plays a vital role in developing a common understanding between people and brings them closer.

4. It helps in promoting the right things oat the right time.

5. It acts as a bridge between the Government and the people.

6. It helps in spreading awareness among people politically, socially and economically.

Newspapers and magazines, television, radio, etc. are important sources of mass media. These mass media are entrusted with the responsibility of not only providing news but also with the social responsibility of promoting truth and justice. Mass media requires commitment, dedication, sacrifice to pursue a career. Mass media offers a lot of professional opportunities. Journalism, a career in films, publishing, editing, direction, scriptwriting, production, etc. are some of the opportunities. The modern world offers prospects for Radio Jockey or Video Jockey also.

Analysis and critical review of the information are necessary to ascertain its authenticity. Sometimes the news is exaggerated or not presented exactly. There are higher chances of misrepresentation of facts. These kinds of news may cause psychological, personal, moral and cultural damages to society. Hence, a thorough understanding of the information is needed.

Newspapers provide us with a wide variety of news. When a news is published, it is mandatory to provide all the information pertaining to that news. To enable better understanding and clarity of the news provided, the study of the similar or parallel event is necessary. Hence, the history of the news needs to be published. Newspapers publish separate columns about the historical information to commemorate a special occasion such as the Independence Day, World Environment Day, etc. The knowledge of history thus becomes essential for newspaper articles.

1. Television is the most popular audio-visual medium of communication.

2. The programmes and news that are telecasted in a television channel cause a huge impact on the minds of the people.

3. It attracts a large number of viewers of all age groups.

4. It is also used for educative and information purposes.

5. It acts as a source of entertainment and relaxation.

Newspapers are the print media of communication. The news is printed and distributed regularly at a definite time. They serve as historical documents. These newspapers provide us with local, national and international news.

The following are the objectives of newspapers:

1. The primary objective is to provide information to the citizens related to the happenings. They provide a lot of facts to keep the citizens aware.

2. The newspapers are also vested with the task of interpreting or explaining the news. Editorials, opinion columns, news analysis, etc., are some examples.

3. The newspapers also create awareness among the public.

4. Another objective is to provide service to readers. They provide information to aid them in their day to day needs, example, advertisement.

5. Newspapers come up with puzzles, stories, comics, etc., to provide entertainment.

Akashvani broadcasts various kinds of programmes right from entertainment to education. History plays a vital role in planning the broadcast of the programmes. A programme on national leaders needs to be supported by sufficient historical information. The programmes on the birth or anniversary of leaders are supported by the lectures given by historians. Maintaining accuracy is needed while broadcasting episodes of historical serials are very important. This is possible if one has a deep understanding of the history of the concerned period.

(1) Akashavani (AIR) is an integral part of the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India).

(2) The new name of IBC is All India Radio(AIR).

(3) The ‘Vividh Bharati’ programmes are broadcasted in 24 regional languages and 146 dialects of the Indian languages.

(4) The All India Radio was named as ‘Akashvani’ on the basis of the suggestion given by the famous poet Pandit Narendra Sharma. It was renamed as Akashvani in 1957.