Chemical Effects Of Electric Current

Liquids do conduct electricity, when they have free ions available like in case of Acids, Bases and Salts being dissolved in water.

Tap water and lemon water conduct electricity, this happens because tap water. while distilled water and wine do not conduct electricity.

A Light Emitting Diode (LED) glows even when a weak electric current passes through it.

Light emitting Diode (LED)

Lemon juice is a good conductor of electricity. Lemon is a citrus fruit containing citric acid. Acids give H⁺ ions when dissolved in water, these free cations and anions make lemon juice a good conductor.

Vinegar is a poor conductor of electricity because it does not have any free ions to carry electric charge and conduct electricity.

When electric current passes through a conducting liquid, it gets decomposed into ions.

The conducting solution has free ions available which conduct electricity.

When electric current is passed through acidified water, it dissociates water into H⁺ and OH^- ions. This process is called chemical effect.

(a) Oxygen Gas is produced at positive carbon electrode.

(b) Hydrogen gas is produced as negative carbon electrode.

When an electric current is passed through a conducting solution, then chemical reactions take place in the solution. These chemical reactions cause chemical effects in the solution.

Example: When an electric current is passed through water, then water dissociates into hydrogen and oxygen. The chemical reaction is shown below:
H₂O → H⁺ (aq) + OH^- (aq)

Electric current must be passed through water to decompose water into hydrogen and oxygen.

Electroplating is the process in which a coating of one metal can be deposited on the surface of another metal by using current from a battery. The metal that needs to be deposited is used as the cathode while the metal on which it is deposited is used as anode. We use the salt of the cathode as the electrolyte.

Chromium is electroplated on car parts such as bumpers and bicycle handlebars made of steel.

Tin is electroplated on iron for making 'cans' used for storing food.

Chromium is electroplated on other metals.

Gold is electroplated on other cheap metals.

The two most common examples of the chemical effect of electric current are:

1) Gold Coating on cheap metals

2) Electroplating of chromium metal to avoid corrosion.

Gold and silver are electroplated on cheaper metals for making jewelry or ornaments.

The conducting solution used in the electroplating process is the waste generated by electroplating factories.

The list of five objects around you which are electroplated is:

1) Kitchen utensils.

2) Jewelry

3) Car parts

4) Cans

5) Taps

Copper and Gold are purified by using the chemical effect of current (or electrolysis).

Carbon and hydrogen are extracted by using the chemical effect of electric current.

Copper sulphate is one chemical compound which is produced by using the chemical effect of electric current.

Water is one compound which is decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen by using the chemical effect of electric current.

(a) False. Rainwater is a conductor of electricity because it has dissolved ions that conduct electricity.

(b) False. A piece of fresh potato conduct electricity at all because it does not have ions to conduct electricity.

(a) Most liquids that conduct electricity are solutions of acids, base and salts.

(b) LED glows even when a low electric current passes through it.

(c) The passage of an electric current through a conducting solution causes chemical effect.

(d) When electric current is passed through acidified water, then hydrogen and oxygen are formed.

(e) The process of depositing a layer of any desired metal on another metal by means of electricity is called electroplating.

(f) If you pass current through copper sulphate solution, copper gets deposited on the plate connected to the negative terminal of the battery.

Lemon juice, Milk, Vinegar, common salt solution, Sulphuric acid solution, Sea water, and Rainwater conduct electricity.

Sugar solution, Distilled water and Honey do not conduct electricity.

Because wet hands have water and water is a good conductor of electricity. A person can get electric shock if he touches any electrical appliances with wet hands.

The advantage of using LEDs is because, they glow up even if very small amount of current passes through them.

(a) Heating effect of current is used detecting the flow of current through a solution.

(b) Magnetic effect of current is used detecting the flow of current through a solution.

The current carrying wire behaves like a magnet and it will cause deflection of the needle of the compass. This is called magnetic effect of electric current.

Distilled water does not conduct electricity because it does not contain any ions which make it conducting. But it can conduct electricity when a pinch of common salt is added to it, as salt solution is conducting in nature.

Lemon solution, salt, vinegar, sulphuric acid etc. can be added to added to distilled .water in small amounts to make it a good conductor of electricity. Because distilled water does not contain any ions which make it conducting. But adding these will provide free ions for conducting solution.

Sea water is a better conductor because it contains sodium and chloride ions in large amounts. These ions make the solution conducting and thus, sea water is considered better conductor than the tap water which does not contain ions in large amounts.

The shining coating is done on the metal by electroplating. When these are accidently scratched then, the metal will be rusted due to presence of air. So, by some metal these are coated so as to avoid rusting of iron mainly used to build the handlebars and wheel rims.

No, it is very risky and unsafe for the electrician to carry out electrical repairs outdoors during heavy downpour because rain water is conducting in nature as it contains dissolved salts. The electrician may get electrical shocks while working outdoors during rain as water may conduct electricity.

Because the free ends of a conductivity tester are dipped into a conducting solution then, it behaves like a current carrying wire and a current carrying wire behaves as a magnet because it produces magnetic field around it. And, due to this there is deflection in the compass.

The carbon is a non-metal which is more reactive than copper. When, an electric current is passed through this set-up for a considerable time, then carbon replaces copper ions from solutions and they deposit on the negative electrode. Thus, a red-brown layer of copper metal will be deposited on the carbon rod connected to the negative terminal of the battery.

No. Pure water does not conduct electricity. Pure water does not contain any ions which make it conducting. But it can conduct electricity when a pinch of common salt is added to it, as salt solution is conducting in nature.

In case of a fire, before the firemen use the water hoses, they shut off the main electrical supply for the area because water may conduct electricity. If the electrical supply for the area is not shut off and water is poured over electrical appliances, then electricity may pass through water and harm the firemen.

This is called chemical effect of heating and the process is called as electroplating.

In the process of electroplating, the metal to be electroplated is taken as cathode and the one used for coating is chosen as the anode. And, we know, anode is positive terminal and the cathode is negative terminal. Thus, negative terminal will be connected to the iron object.

When electric current passes through any conducting solution, then chemical reactions take place inside the conducting solution. This effect is called as chemical effect of electric current. Example, electroplating. The process of depositing a layer of any desired metal on another material by means of electricity is called electroplating.

1. Chromium plating is done on metals body parts of cars, bikes, cycles, etc.

2. Gold and silver plating is done on the artificial jewelry.

Electrolysis is the process of dissociation of water molecules into H⁺ and OH^- ions. When electric current Is passed through it in a conducting state. Because water does not have much higher concentration of ions. Dilute sulphuric acid is added to increase the concentration of ions in the water.

The three types of substances in which an electric current can produce a chemical effect.

1) Water

2) Copper sulphate

3) Vinegar.

The some of the characteristics of chemical changes brought about by the chemical effect of electric current:

1) The solution colour changes might take place.

2) The bubbles evolve through the solution.

3) The chemical deposition of one metal and replacement of the other metal.

The electric bulb glows because it completes the circuit when put in the conducting solution and the conducting solution helps to glow the bulb.

The process of coating of a layer of any metal over other metal is called electroplating.

The purpose of electroplating is to provide the shiny appearance, rust free metal surface etc.

Example - 1. Chromium plating is done on metals body parts of cars, bikes, cycles, etc.

2. Gold and silver plating is done on the artificial jewelry.

The chromium metal is suitable for electroplating it on car bumpers, bath taps and bicycle handlebars, etc., made of iron because it is corrosion resistant and also gives shiny appearance.

Copper ion is positively charged. It will be attracted towards the plate which is connected to the negative terminal of the battery. Because positive charges attract negative charges and repel positive charges.

As copper ions from the impure copper electrode are transferred to the thin copper plate, this thin pure copper plate must be connected to the negative terminal of the battery. Consequently, impure copper rod is connected to the positive terminal of the battery. In this way, pure copper is deposited on the negative electrode i.e. cathode.

We need two electrodes made from different conducting materials (here copper and iron as anode and cathode respectively), an electrolyte, and an electricity supply. The iron key will be taken as the cathode (negative electrode ) and the copper to be electroplated on iron key to be made the anode (positive electrode). When we open the electricity, then copper ions are deposited on the negative electrode and in this way copper is electroplated on the iron key.

Because current flows more easily throughout liquid A than B. Thus, A is a better conductor than liquid B.

Sugar solution does not contain any ions. Thus, it does not conduct electricity.

Tin should be electroplated on a tiffin box made of steel as it is non-corrosive.

Both Aluminum and Sodium metals are produced by the electrolysis of their molten compounds because they are not freely available. They need to be extracted from their sources.

Electrical energy is used to decompose water into its elements i.e. hydroxide (OH^-) and (H⁺) ions.

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is manufactured by using the chemical effect of electric current when a sodium salt is electrolysed.

Frying pan should not be chrome-plated because it can enter the body by mixing in the food which can prove to be dangerous for the body.

Carbonic acid is a weak electrolyte because it does not completely dissociate into the aqueous solution.

Electrolytes conduct electricity due to the movement of ions. Because positive and negative ions conduct electricity.

The non-metal whose one of the forms can be used to make electrodes in electrolysis experiments is Carbon and the form is graphite form. We come across graphite electrodes because it is a good conductor.

Electrolysis is the decomposition produced by passing current through a conducting liquid. The solution is dissociated into ions.

Decomposition of elements is not an application of the chemical effect of electric current. Electroplating, purification and decomposition of compounds can be done with the help of chemical effect of electric current.

Sodium is not used for electroplating metal articles. Because it is a corrosive metal.

An electrolytic cell is an arrangement having two carbon rods kept in a conducting liquid in a vessel. This is the process setup for the electrolysis of electrolytes.

Formation of a precipitate is not produced by the chemical reactions brought about by an electric current. Because it does not involves any chemical reaction but involves chemical changes in the solutions

Graphite and Steel can be electroplated with chromium. Chrome plating is not done on graphite and steel electrodes.

In order to obtain a coating of silver metal on a flower vase made of copper, the electrolyte has to be silver nitrate solution. Because the silver ions will come from the electrolyte.

The process of purification of an impure metal is like electroplating a metal on the same type of metal. The pure metal is removed and deposited on the pure metal.

LED Light emitting diode is used to detect very small current flowing in an electric circuit.

Copper plate(+), Iron spoon(-), Copper sulphate electrolyte is the correct setup combination for electroplating. Because the anode is made the metal to be deposited and cathode to the one on which it is electroplated.

Sea water is a better conductor because it contains sodium and chloride ions in large amounts. These ions make the solution conducting and thus, sea water is considered better conductor than the drinking water which does not contain ions. The ions of drinking water are removed while removed while purifying it.

(a) The spot color is Greenish blue.

(b) The coloured spot is formed around the positive electrode.

(c) This is known as Chemical effect.

(a) Thick rod of impure copper is connected to the positive terminal of the battery.

(b) Thin plate of pure copper is connected to the negative terminal of the battery.

(c) Copper sulphate solution is taken as electrolyte.

Rain water can collect salts from the atmosphere has some dissolved salts whereas the distilled water does not. Thus, the rainwater showed the deflection because it conducts electricity.

The Liquids that conduct electricity will cause the magnetic needle to deflect because the electric current is capable of producing magnetic effect. The liquids like lemon juice, salt water and vegetable oil allow electricity to pass through them. Hence, these liquids can be used as in the beaker to show the given effect.