Weather, Climate And Adaptations Of Animals To Climate

(i) Yes.

(ii) Sun rises earlier during summer.

(iii) Yes. Sun sets earlier during winter.

(iv) During summer, the days are longer.

(v) During winter, the nights are longer.

(vi) Earth revolves around the sun. During different times, the angle of earth with the sun changes. This cause the difference in length of day and night.

(vii)

Graph showing the lengths of days for a week in the months of June and December.

The elements that determine the weather of a place are temperature, rainfall, humidity, wind-speed etc.

The maximum temperature of the day occurs generally in the afternoon while the minimum temperature occurs generally in the early morning.

In the year 1875, Government of India established the Indian Meteorological Department to bring all the meteorological work in the country under a central custody. Presently its head quarter is located in New Delhi. The work IMD does are:

(i) To take meteorological observations and to provide current and forecast meteorological information.

(ii) To watch against severe weather phenomenon like tropical cyclones, northwestern, dust storms, heavy rains and snow, cold and hot waves.

(iii) To provide meteorological statistics required for agriculture, water resources management, industries, oil exploration and other nation-building activities.

(iv) To conduct and promote research in meteorology and allied disciplines.

(v) To detect any locate earthquakes and to evaluate seismicity in different parts of the country for development projects.

(i) The average weather taken over a long time is called climate

Explanation: Climate is the weather statistics of an area for a long period.

(ii) The place receives very less rainfall and the temperature is high throughout the year, the climate of that place will be hot and dry.

Explanation: The typical desert climate region receives very little rainfall. This is the reason why it is hot and dry.

(iii) The two regions of the earth with extreme climatic conditions are pole and desert.

Explanation: The polar regions covered with snow and it is very cold for most part of the year.

(a) Jammu and Kashmir has a moderately hot and wet climate.

(b) Kerala has hot and Wet climate for a part of the year.

(c) The climate of Rajasthan is hot and dry.

(d) The climate of the north-east India is hot and Wet.

The weather changes so frequently. All changes in the weather are caused by the sun.
And the weather conditions statistics taken for a longer time-period is called climate.

No, these characteristics cannot be adapted for both regions as they are specific.

The following table depicts the characteristics:

The tropical rainforest has a large population of animals because continuous warmth and rain in this region supports wide variety of plants and animals.

Climate has a profound effect on all living organisms. Animals are adapted to survive in the conditions in which they live. Let us take the example of a polar bear.

1. Polar bears have white fur so that they are not easily visible in the snowy white background. Thus, they protect themselves from their predators.
2. It also helps them in catching their prey. They have a layer of fat under their skin.
3. The fat insulates their body from cold and keeps them warm.
4. Polar bears have a very strong sense of smell which helps them to catch their prey.
5. Polar bears are a good swimmer. They have wide and large paws which help them not only to swim well but also walk with ease in the snow.

Elephant living in the tropical rainforest has adapted to the conditions of rainforests in many remarkable ways.

(i) Elephant uses its trunk as a nose because of which it has a strong sense of smell.

(ii) The trunk is also used by it for picking up the food.

(iii) They have thick padded feet which help them in moving silently.

(iv) Elephant uses its tusks to tear the bark of trees.

(iv) Elephant has large ears which have strong sense of hearing.

Many tropical animals like big cats (lion and tiger) have sensitive hearing, sharp eyesight, thick skin and a skin colour which helps them to camouflage by blending with the surroundings. This is to protect them from predators.

Polar bear have white fur so that they cannot easily visible in snowy white background. Thus, they protect themselves from their predators. They have a layer of fat under their skin. The fat insulates their body from cold and keeps them warm. Polar bears have very strong sense of smell which help them to catch their prey.

The tropical region has generally a hot climate because of its location around the equator. These regions get plenty of rainfall. The animals of these regions are adapted for hot and humid climate.