Drainage System
Class 11th India Physical Environment CBSE Solution
- Which one of the following rivers was known as the ‘Sorrow of Bengal’? Choose the right…
- Which one of the following rivers has the largest river basin in India? Choose the right…
- Which one of the following rivers is not included in ‘Panchnad’? Choose the right answer…
- Which one of the following rivers flows in a rift valley? Choose the right answer from the…
- Which one of the following is the place of confluence of the Alaknanda and the Bhagirathi?…
- River Basin and Watershed State the differences between the following.…
- Dendritic and Trellis drainage pattern State the differences between the following.…
- Radial and Centripetal drainage pattern State the differences between the following.…
- Delta and Estuary State the differences between the following.
- What are the socio-economic advantages of inter-linking of rivers in India? Answer the…
- Write three characteristics of the Peninsular River. Answer the following questions in…
- What are the important characteristic features of north Indian rivers? How are these…
- Suppose you are travelling from Haridwar to Siliguri along the foothills of the Himalayas.…
Exercises
Question 1.Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below.
Which one of the following rivers was known as the ‘Sorrow of Bengal’?
A. The Gandak
B. The Son
C. The Kosi
D. The Damodar
Answer:
D is correct. Damodar was known as the sorrow of Bengal, as it would flood the plains of Bengal and cause widespread destruction annually. It would flood Hooghly and Howrah almost every year. However, since the construction of dams, the havoc has been tamed to some extent.
A is incorrect. Gandak is a tributary of Ganga flowing into Nepal, and does not pass through Bengal.
B is incorrect. Son also does not flow through Bengal, and is southern tributary of Ganga which flows through Central India.
C is incorrect. Kosi causes massive flooding in Bihar, but does not impact West Bengal lands.
Question 2.
Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below.
Which one of the following rivers has the largest river basin in India?
A. The Indus
B. The Brahmaputra
C. The Ganga
D. The Krishna
Answer:
Question 3.
Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below.
Which one of the following rivers is not included in ‘Panchnad’?
A. The Ravi
B. The Chenab
C. The Indus
D. The Jhelum
Answer:
Panchnad refers to a group of left bank tributaries of Indus. All of them originate across the Himalayas, and flow into the Indian states. They are Ravi, Jhelum, Satluj, Beas and Chenab. Clearly, Indus is not one of the five.
Question 4.
Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below.
Which one of the following rivers flows in a rift valley?
A. The Son
B. The Narmada
C. The Yamuna
D. The Luni
Answer:
B is correct. Narmada flows in the low area bounded by Satpura and Vindhya ranges on either sides. Such a lowland between two highlands on either side, is called a rift valley.
Other options originate in mountains and flow through alluvial plains.
Question 5.
Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below.
Which one of the following is the place of confluence of the Alaknanda and the Bhagirathi?
A. Vishnu Prayag
B. Rudra Prayag
C. Karan Prayag
D. Deva Prayag
Answer:
There are 5 Prayags on the Alaknandariver. These are the 5 confluences of the river with other major rivers:
Question 6.
State the differences between the following.
River Basin and Watershed
Answer:
Question 7.
State the differences between the following.
Dendritic and Trellis drainage pattern
Answer:
Question 8.
State the differences between the following.
Radial and Centripetal drainage pattern
Answer:
Question 9.
State the differences between the following.
Delta and Estuary
Answer:
Question 10.
Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
What are the socio-economic advantages of inter-linking of rivers in India?
Answer:
Interlinking of rivers would have several advantages:
• It will decrease the farm dependence on rainfall for irrigation.
• It will prevent floods and droughts. These situations occur recurrently in various parts of India. The water from surplus areas can be directed into areas of shortage.
• The project is associated with massive afforestation.
• The total land under irrigation would increase, leading to massive gains for the farmers.
Question 11.
Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
Write three characteristics of the Peninsular River.
Answer:
The Peninsular Rivers have the following characteristics:
• These rivers are older than Himalayan Rivers. Hence, the run in broad, grader shallow valleys
• Most of these rivers, except Narmada and Tapi, flow west to east.
• These rivers have a fixed course, without meanders.
• They do not flow throughout the year, that is, they are seasonal.
Question 12.
Answer the following questions in not more than 125 words.
What are the important characteristic features of north Indian rivers? How are these different from Peninsular rivers?
Answer:
The North Indian rivers, or the Himalayan Rivers, are characterised by:
• Perennial flow
• Younger rivers with meandering course
• They form V shaped valleys and waterfalls in their course
• They end in deltas
• They form ox-bow lakes, floodplains, braided channels, flat valeys etc. in the plains.
Differences:
Question 13.
Answer the following questions in not more than 125 words.Suppose you are travelling from Haridwar to Siliguri along the foothills of the Himalayas. Name the important rivers you will come across. Describe the characteristics of any one of them.
Answer:
The rivers that we might come across are Ganga and its left bank tributaries: Sarda, Rapti, Gandak, SaptKosi.
Ganga is the major river here.
• It’s source is the Gangotri glacier, where it starts as Bhagirathi. At Devprayag, it meets Alaknanda, and together they form Ganga.
• Ganga enters the plains at Haridwar.
• The river has a length of 2525km.
• The river meets the Bay of Bengal, and forms a delta at its mouth.
Intext Questions
Question 1.Name the states which are drained by the river Yamuna.
Answer:
Yamuna passes through Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh and Delhi. It meets river Ganga at Prayag in Uttar Pradesh.
Question 2.
Find out the places of confluence of these rivers. Find out some important westflowing rivers of Maharashtra.
Answer:
Place of confluence of rivers: All rivers that flow in Gujarat ultimately drain into GULF OF KHAMBAT in the Arabian Sea.
Important west-flowing rivers of Maharashtra: Tapti, Daman-Ganga, Mandoviriver
Question 3.
Find out the name of the river on which the Gersoppa (Jog) fall is found.
Answer:
Jog falls are located on the Sahravathiriver in Meghalaya. It is a mojor tourist site in north-east India.