Production And Employment

(i) Employment in the service sector has increased to the same extent as production.

Explanation: The share of service sector in GDP is 27% whereas of agriculture is 17%.

(ii) Workers in the service sector do not produce goods.

Explanation: Service sector is the sector that deals with providing services like hotels, hospitals, transport, communication, etc. Here no goods are being produced.

(iii) Most of the workers in the organised sector enjoy job security. (organized/unorganized)

Explanation: the organized sector is one where there is a large number of employers, they are given regular payments, the duration of working is fixed. Whereas the unorganized sector is completely opposite to this like the laborers working in construction site etc.

(iv) A large proportion of laborers in India are working in the unorganized sector. (large / small)

Explanation: Due to unemployment and a lack of skilled labors the number of people working in the unorganized sector is large.

(v) Cotton is a natural product and cloth is a manufactured product.

(a) (i) Primary

As in the primary sector, the natural materials are the raw products, and it is processed to get the final good.

(b) (ii) All the final goods and services.

Gross domestic product means all the final goods and services produced within the territory of a nation irrespective of the nationality of the person or company.

(c) (iii) between 50 to 60 per cent

Gross domestic product means all the final goods and services produced within the territory of a nation irrespective of the nationality of the person or company.

The share of the service sector is between 50% to 60%

(i) Vegetable Vendor.

(ii) Cobbler

As this the only profession among these that do not require any formal education.

The classification such as primary, secondary and tertiary sectors are useful in determining the which economic activity contributes how much in the economy.

If any sectors are not contributing much, then the government could make some reforms in that sector to boost the production.

In this way, the classification helps in determining the economic activities.

Employment and GDP are important as they determine the size of a nation’s economy. A nation could develop only when the rate of employability is high, and GDP of that particular year is also high.

Service sector is one that provided services rather than goods. In this sector, no goods are produced. In recent years the service sector has become the most important sector in GDP contribution.

Services compromises of:

1. Community, Social and personal services: These includes services like health, education, defense, etc.

2. Finance, insurance, and real estate: Services like banks, Insurance, brokerage, etc.

3. Trade, hotels, transport communication services.

Other sectors like Agriculture, Industries are involved in the production of goods.

When people are employed but are allotted lesser work than their potential is not utilised properly. Example: in urban areas laborers are in mass searching for a job every day. Many of them do not find work every day. While many like street vendor spend the whole day working but earn very little. This is called as underemployment.

In rural areas the agriculture sector is overburdened. There are a lot of people ready to work on farms. So even if some people move out of the farm, the production will not be affected.

The unorganized sectors comprise of small-scale enterprises, where working hours are not fixed. It has daily wages and there is no job security. Example construction workers, people working in small workshops. Whereas the organized sector is opposite to it, it has job security, fixed wages. Example: factories, industries.

The people working in unorganized sectors mostly belong to the vulnerable section of society like the women, SC/STs, small and marginal farmers, artisans, etc. These farmers need to support by providing them with seeds, credit, agricultural equipment, selling, and receiving minimum wages.

The laborers working in urban areas in industries, factories and especially the women who face social discriminations many times need to be protected by the government.

As these workers get minimum wages and they find it hard in surviving, so facilities like living, health etc must also be looked by the government. They must get a facility like free health checkups in government hospitals.

These measures are necessary to be taken as this would lead to both social and economic development.

The unorganized sectors comprise of small-scale enterprises, where working hours are not fixed, it has daily wages, there is no job security. Example construction workers, people working in small workshops. Whereas the organized sector is opposed to it; it has job security, fixed wages. Example: factories, industries.

The employment could be increased in the city by providing skills to the people and ensuring that after acquiring the skills they must be employed. Example Skills like tailoring, driving, cooking could be taught to these rural people who work on mere wages and then providing them with a job in their respective skilled sector.